MySQL5.5-将字符集从utf8升级为utf8mb4

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2016-海马台风来临时广州天空出现火烧云

MySQL默认的utf8只支持三字节字符,不支持Emoji表情符(四字节),如果有四字节的字符写入会报错。从MySQL 5.5开始,提供了utf8mb4,支持四字节的字符。
许多使用iphone的用户来在填写昵称的时候会加入Emoji表情符,如果MySQL没有使用utf8mb4字符集,这样的昵称信息就无法写入。

一、升级前

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
Variable_name Value
character_set_client utf8
character_set_connection utf8
character_set_database utf8
character_set_filesystem binary
character_set_results utf8
character_set_server utf8
character_set_system utf8
character_sets_dir /home/sdkserver/local/mysql-5.5.43/share/charsets/

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
Variable_name Value
collation_connection utf8_general_ci
collation_database utf8_unicode_ci
collation_server utf8_unicode_ci

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二、修改配置文件

打开MySQL的配置文件,将字符集的配置修改成如下:

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[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

三、升级后

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
Variable_name Value
character_set_client utf8mb4
character_set_connection utf8mb4
character_set_database utf8mb4
character_set_filesystem binary
character_set_results utf8mb4
character_set_server utf8mb4
character_set_system utf8
character_sets_dir /home/nieyong/local/mysql-5.5.43/share/charsets/

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
Variable_name Value
collation_connection utf8mb4_general_ci
collation_database utf8mb4_general_ci
collation_server utf8mb4_general_ci

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)